The Art of Hostign Good Conversation Online

So up until now I didn't really get the potential open source learning has. By reading Art of Conversations online I finally understood it's potential. Being able to use the infinite amount of resources that the internet offers us gives us such an advantage over those that don't use these resources. Each of us are hosts of our conversations on English or whatever comes to our mind. The ability of us to use these blogs allows us to "Create conditions for ongoing collaboration that return individual effort with a whole that is greater than the sum of its parts." Two brains have always been better than one. I feel like the open soure learning will allow us to access each other's views and thoughts ina way that hasn't been taken advantage of previously.

My Universty: Rubik's Cube 101

Today we learned the from the masters of cubing: Gianni and Eric.

My University

So today I was really into the journal topic. Most people can just get lost into a book and they become entrenched in a new reality. That's how I felt reading 1984 and A Clockwork Orange. Our table really discussed that today. since the music was missing today we tried to humsing? bohemian Rhapsody even though half the class wasn't into it after the first thirty seconds. 

Textbook Notes p31-60

intro to Beowulf

• reflects Anglo-Saxon culture, what they valued(warrior values), fears of monsters, dreams of power
• three mortal battles in the epic, one is Grendel,
• scops got attention from long poems until they were written down
• 6th cent. Scandinavia (lot of folk lore)
• reflects pagan and Christian traditions.

The Wrath of Grendel

• Grendel kills again for fun or out of karma
• "paying the living for one crime only with another" line 71-72
• Grendels devilish ways are almost innate behavior
• wants to keep the feud alive to cause chaos (embodies cain)

The Coming of Beowulf

• Beowulf hears of this monster and wants to fight it and kill it
• he leaves for denmark and is called to see the king
• he wants to fight Grendel if it's the last thing he does

The Battle with Grendel

• grendel is surprised that Heort is more fortified but continues his plunder
• Beowulf fights him and the cries of pain  scare the Danes
• celebrate the victory but now Grendel's mom wants to fight Beowulf

The Monsters' Lair

• The monster's live in a lake that nobody enters
• creatures that are being chased to theur death would rather die than  go in the lake
• "hidden evil before hidden evil" line 423

The Battle with Grendel's mother

• Grendel's mother wants to kill the one who hurt her son.
• Grendel's mother and Beowulf fight and Beowulf wins with his hands not his weapons
• he also finishes off Grendel and takes his head as a trophy
• he is honored for being a killer
• becomes king of Geatland and a dragon threatens his kingdom

The Last Battle

• "bUT I will fight again, seek fame still..." line 626
• goes to face the monster and strikes him but his sword failed him when he needed it most
• he stared at death not ready to go
• all his friends left him when he failed, did he boast too much or were they afraid?
• Wiglaf is the only one to help and they kill the dragon, why him?
• Beowulf is dying and wants the dragon's treasure

The Spoils

• Beowulf dies and leaves the kingdom and treasure to Wiglaf
• "so gold can easily triumph, defeat the strongest men., no matter how well it is hidden" what does this mean?
• "Fate hhas swept our race away, taken warriors in their strength and led them to the death that was waiting" the honorable have become a very rare people?

The Farewell

• praise Beowulf for the life he lived and not just forget him

Beowulf Notes

Prologue to Chapter 10 notes
Prologue

• Scyld the Scefing is a very powerful great king that rewards those that deserve it. he kept the peace. His son Beow(ulf) continued this same type of leadership when he came into power and the prosperity of the North grew.

Chapter 1

• after Beowulf died, Healdene took over the kingdom. Hrothgar was known for his war skills and Heorethar was known for his prosperity.
• a party was thrown and Grendel(hell creature) heard the noise and wanted to join

Chapter 2

• Grendel becomes the one enemy that Hrothgar can't defeat and the whole kingdom is afraid of him. maybe itll fall apart?

Chapter 3

• strangers go to fight Grendel but Beowulf is with them (I thought he died) so they're allowed to enter the land

Chapter 4

• the son Ecethgow make their way to Heoret.

Chapter 5

• Beowulf the Geat comes off as a very strong warrior even to Hrothgar

Chapter 6

• Beowulf's bravery and strength is legendary and Hrothgar sees hope that he will rid Grendel from his land.

Chapter 7

• There was a feud between the Geats and Wyflings that was over now. maybe it will start up again because Beowulf kills the monster for them.

Chapter 8

• Beowulf tells a story of his superior strength as a boy on the sea to prove his worthiness

Chapter 9

• the story is continued and the party retires for the fight

Chapter 10

• Beowulfw aits for the battle. wants it to be w/o armor orweapons to prove natural strength and abitlities. basic good v. evil fight.

Textbook notes pg. 2-14

This life is your life

My opinion isn't (a) right

AP Reading List book descriptions

This website has all or most of all the descriptions of books for the lit analysis. I'm not sure how accurate they are but it may save you time from having to look up what the books are about.

http://www.marshall.k12.mi.us/MHS/AP_literature.php

I dare you

Vocabulary #1

adumbrate - verb give to understand; describe roughly or briefly or give the main points or summary of
I adumbrated the novel before I took the test so I would know the key points.
apotheosis - noun the elevation of a person (as to the status of a god); model of excellence or perfection of a kind; one having no equal
Some celebrities see themselves as an apotheosis to the unknown and poor
.ascetic - adj. practicing great self-denial; pertaining to or characteristic of an ascetic or the practice of rigorous self-discipline; noun someone who practices self denial as a spiritual discipline
My neighbor who's cat just died is ascetic.
bauble - noun a mock scepter carried by a court jester; cheap showy jewelry or ornament on clothing
My bauble is not as flashy as a scepter because it is fake.
beguile - verb attract; cause to be enamored; influence by slyness
To beguile attention to my face, I wore shiny earrings.
burgeon - verb grow and flourish
Since the beginning of freshman year, my ways of thinking have burgeoned into a high level thinker.
complement - noun something added to complete or make perfect; either of two parts that mutually complete each other; a word or phrase used to complete a grammatical construction; number needed to make up a whole force; a complete number or quantity; one of a series of enzymes in the blood serum that are part of the immune response; verb make complete or perfect; supply what is wanting or form the complement to
To complement my dress, I was given a matching corsage.
contumacious - adj. wilfully obstinate; stubbornly disobedient
My brother is contumacious because he will not do his homework despite being told to.
curmudgeon - noun a crusty irascible cantankerous old person full of stubborn ideas
I hope that when I am old I will have an open mind and not be a curmudgeon
.didactic - adj. instructive (especially excessively)
His lesson on how to make fried chicken was very didactic.
disingenuous - adj. not straightforward or candid; giving a false appearance of frankness
People who hate their job can come off as disingenuous to co-workers
.exculpate - verb pronounce not guilty of criminal charges
Those that are facing the death sentence in court hope to be exculpated.
faux pas - noun a social blunder
Arriving too early or too late can be a serious faux pas in the elite.
fulminate - noun a salt or ester of fulminic acid; verb cause to explode violently and with loud noise; come on suddenly and intensely; criticize severely
Placing mentos in diet coke and screwing the lid on can cause the container to fulminate.
fustian - noun a strong cotton and linen fabric with a slight nap; pompous or pretentious talk or writing
Narcissists talk fustian to those they belive are below them.
hauteur - noun overbearing pride evidenced by a superior manner toward inferiors
Mr. Darcy had an hauteur that made the entire Bennet family initially hate him.
inhibit - verb limit the range or extent of; to put down by force or authority
The kid's age inhibited him from entering the bar.
jeremiad - noun a long and mournful complaint
The jeremiads og the students taking another test were ignored by the teacher.
opportunist - adj. taking immediate advantage, often unethically, of any circumstance of possible benefit; noun a person who places expediency above principle
The lady who invested her money while stock was high is an opportunist.
unconscionable - adj. greatly exceeding bounds of reason or moderation; lacking a conscience
Doing all my AP homework, golf practices, scholarships and college applications seems unconscionable to do all at the same time.

Reflections on week #1

1. I don't think that there are going to be any factors affecting my participation in class. The only thing that might possibly affect my participation is golf season because it can get a little hectic depending on how many times we play.
2. The best learning experience I can think of is Greeley's AP World History Class. Before this class I didn't realize how much I like learning about other cultures. While everyone of us in that class complained, I still felt that we gained important awareness of why certain cultures are the way they are now. This class also taught me that I learn things through reptilian and usage. I didn't realize this class was a valuable learning experience until recently when I found I have a passion for other cultures.
3. I'm excited to evolve my writing, but I'm also afraid it may not evolve that much or not at all. I've always felt English is my worst subject, so I'm hoping my essays will improve at least a little over the course of this class. I'm looking forward to being able to speak my mind (even though I haven't yet)once I get a feel for the class. I think with every class you can improve if you put effort into it so I guess this class would change my life by getting me more prepared for college.

1987 ap exam notes

1987 ap exam practice

Multiple Choice
1.c 2.e 3.c 4.e 5.d 6.c 7.a 8.b 9.b 10.c 11.d 12.b 13.a 14.c 15.e 16.b 17.c 18.a 19.e 20.b 21.d 22.c 23.a 24.a 25.c 26.e 27.b 28.a 29.a 30.e 31.e 32.d  47.b 48.a 49.a 50.c 51.c 52.c 53.e 54.e 55.d 56.b 57.c 58.a 59.d 60.d 61.d

easy: 1, 3,6, 7, 17, 20, 23, 24, 15, 26, 47, 48, 50, 59
medium: 2, 4, 5, 8, 27, 29,30, 32, 51, 52, 56, 57, 58, 61
hard: 9,10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 16, 18, 19, 21, 22, 25, 28, 31, 49, 53, 54, 55, 60
I missed 24. The hardest questions for me were on the poem/story that was very rich in language so I couldn't follow the point of the passage.

Question 1
 thesis: In this passage, Eliot personifies "old Leisure" as a wandering recluse causing her comparisons to reminisce on past leisurely times while the present is advanced through eagerness.

B1: -show how old leisure is personified

       -show him as a recluse of society, lives in countryside

       -wanders through life not caring about the causes of things

B2: - show how her comparisons make her reflect on leisurely times

       -eagerness is replaced by leisure

      - advances ironically hinder leisure

Conclusion:

       -leisure is gone today

       -author reminisces on leisurely life

Question 2

Thesis: In Pride and Prejudice, Jane Austen represents Elizabeth Bennet as a maverick in a group of daughters that challenges the traditions of the female and class structure in 18^th century England.

B1: - uses stream of consciousness

       - also 3^rd person omniscient view

      -show how different viewpoints show Elizabeth’s challenges

B2: - show how Darcy changes his view of Elizabeth

-          Show Elizabeth’s changed view of Darcy

-          Show Bingley’s undying love for Jane despite class

Conclusion:

       - Austen challenged traditions even by writing book

      - sought to point out petty traditions

MOM CAN READ!

Mom: 10 mistakes time: 6:50
Preston: 8 mistakes time: 4:43

DAD CAN READ!

 

Dad: 14 mistakes time: 7:55

Preston: 8 mistakes time: 4:43

Essay 2 Montaigne/Austen

The mind thinks faster than words can be written or spoken. The Essays of Michel de Montaigne provide a window into the soul of a man who is almost tortured by his own thoughts, allowing the reader to understand his viewpoints on various topics. This window is provided through the use of stream of consciousness, rhetorical questions, and other rhetorical strategies. The Essays of Michel de Montaigne use various rhetorical strategies to persuade the reader’s on his views of various tendencies of human nature.

Thoughts can pop into the mind randomly and in a moment’s notice they can be gone. This style of thinking is present in the Essays of Michel de Montaigne. Whatever came to his mind is what Montaigne wrote about, despite whether or not that thought had to do with the present topic. His use of stream of consciousness can be heavily confusing to the reader because reading the essays is like reading a road map that had directions but were somehow lost in the path to finding the destination. For example, Montaigne talks of drunkenness to begin with but ends with how are limits can be tested. For most, this essay would not make sense because they don’t have they can’t make the connections that Montaigne can make.

Jane Austen’s Pride and Prejudice offers a window into the soul of an 18^th century English women who must face patriarchy and society by using stream of consciousness and 3^rd person omniscient. While Austen does use the stream of consciousness technique like Montaigne, Austen is not trying to write a piece of rhetoric, she is writing a novel. Austen uses this technique to portray the inequalities of 18^th century England which allows her novel to be clearer than Montaigne’s essays. For example, Elizabeth has many thoughts after reading the letter Darcy gave to her explaining his reasons to the actions she hates him for. Her thought process, while jumbled, was clearly changing from hatred to love for Darcy. Elizabeth and Darcy change their thoughts for each other despite their class differences and despite her rambunctious personality.

The Essays of Michel de Montaigne and Pride and Prejudice use the stream of consciousness technique to convince the audience of their viewpoints (or themes) of their work, but by using this technique not everything that came to mind of the characters was written in a clear cut path causing the audience to become jumbled in their thoughts. Austen’s Pride and Prejudice seems to have a more distinct path because the stream of consciousness technique is aided by the presence of a third person omniscient narrator so the reader gains some context. The Essays of Michel de Montaigne are less distinct and proof that “What goes on inside is just too fast and huge and all interconnected for words to do more than barely sketch the outlines of at most one tiny little part of it at any given instant.”

I CAN READ!

Me: 8 mistakes time: 5:23
Preston: 8 mistakes time: 4:43

Poetry #1

1. The poem is The Laughing Heart by Charles Bukowski.
2. This poem is ironic because it talk about defining your life from everyone else's. But this commercial is a national brand that wants to sell their jeans thereby decreasing our unique life.
3.  I believe it does because the poem had a "live life to its fullest" theme and the author seemed to be that type of person. He liked to drink and be with women but most importantly he avoids the mainstream and the "falling in line" attitude.
4. For #2 I looked at the words of the poem and the tone it was Said in to determine whether or not it is ironic. Irony can be different things but this poem is like contextually ironic. I found the poem by googling in the first words. For #3, I read the author's bio and found it was quite similar to his poem.

Essay 1

From Georgia to the Congo

                Since the beginning of their mission to the Congo, the Price Family had cracks that turned into huge wedges by the end of the novel between the family. The Price family uprooted everything they had known for a country they knew nothing about. Leah is one of the most affected of the four daughters of this uprooting. As a result of leaving Georgia for the Congo, Leah experienced an alienation that transitioned her from an innocent, proper Christian girl into a dynamic independence fighter.

                Leah was probably one of her father’s favorite daughters if he had a favorite. She was very devout to her father and her faith; therefore, she didn’t understand why the villagers of Kilanga felt invaded by these missionaries. She was very content with everything she was taught to be, a proper women with no education. Leah understood, according to her father, that she was supposed to be an ignorant girl who would marry and take care of her family.

                Leah’s transition to her dynamic self began when she saw how she stood in her father’s and (to her) God’s eyes. As the mission in Kilanga grew increasingly difficult, Nathan began taking his anger out on his family through violence and condescension. The abuse Leah and the rest of her family experienced enlightened them. Leah had thought she would grow up to be a lonely farmer and she believed if she was as devout as her father was to their faith, then the rules that governed him would be the same for her. Leah began to realize that to her father she was just a worthless female and felt alienated from everything she knew.

                Through her friends in Kilanga, Leah was able to learn an=bout the history and the culture of the Congo. Pascal and Nelson taught her how to make things and Nelson even defended her when she went to go hunting with the men which was less than ordinary. Anatole was one of the few men who weren’t condescending to her and he was able to teach her much about the present issues the Congo was having, sparking her interest in their independence movement. In the End, Leah falls in love with Anatole and they fight against injustice as equals.

                Leah’s experience in the Congo was very alienating and enriching. Everything she had known, her values, her worth, her family, became extraordinary to the Leah at the end of the novel. But in the end she became accustomed to a new culture and life so much so that America, once her homeland, had become foreign. The exile Leah felt may have shook her early innocent path but soon showed her to a new more exciting one.

Poisonwood bible notes

Pride and prejudice notes

Big Question

Why do we always push each other away? We all live on this world together, but we always seem to judge based on race, gender, religion, or sexual orientation. But what does it all matter anyways? What if one day a world wide disaster hits out of nowhere and we decide it's every man for himself. What good would that do? The wedges we create would be shoved down deeper. But if everyone on this planet worked together, maybe that disaster could be overcome. Now think of the looming threat of pollution and all the damage it has caused and will continue to cause. If the whole world worked together to decrease emissions maybe we could stop its destruction.

Colleges

1. UCSD/USC
2. UCLA
3. Stanford
4. Cal
5. UT

Montaigne Essays Notes

Montaigne Essays

·         Born Feb 28, 1533

·         father was Pierre Eyquem, cared about his children's education, m was well educated and multi lingual, went to college of Guienne at 6yrs old

joined military after his oldest brother died

·         wrote essays after retirement from public affairs and continued adding until he died

Pgs 1-120 ch 1-31

·         talks about the death of la bowtie, who is very dear to him and stays with him until his death

·         doesn’t like natural theology

·         naturalist, he enjoys nature and doesn’t like its destruction

·         the death if his friend makes him consider the kind of person he wants to be

·         talks about self-worth probably because the death of his friend hurt him

·         uses a lot of rhetorical questions

·         his job in the government is useless so that is why he quit and rights about it

·         nature is used to show morals

·         something must challenge a soul to know its self-worth because how can it be good if it hasn’t been challenged by evil

·         m is very religious and believes you will be watched over even after death

·         in society women are supposed to be feminine, they need elegance

·         manners and etiquette are required in society, it keeps everyone social and formal

·         m thinks that philosophy is not beneficial, I think this is because he is so religious. In my opinion philosophy is beneficial and lets one contemplate

·         There must be a balance in the world. For one person to get something it must be taken away from another. I agree with this

·         m is a fan of Aristotle which is confusing because he is a philosopher

·         Only one person can be loved at any one time but you can love many parts of that person. I think that there can be multiple people you love in your life (friends, family)

pg 121-241 ch 32-54

That we are to Avoid Pleasures, Even at the Expense of Life

·         Death when more bad than good in the world, evil is against nature.

·         St. Hilary killed Abra(daughter) when she was persuaded into marriage for wealth

·         Always agrees and never has any opinion, even death was mutual

·         Worried about wealth corrupting family but chooses to stay

·         Says to avoid pleasure so life may be lived as it is supposed to be

That Fortune is Oftentimes Observed to Act by the Rules of Reason

·         Duke Valentois tries to poison Cardinal Corneto with wine but killed himself in the process

·         Has an abscess in his chest and wants to die to stop pain and is reckless in battle and the abscess is removed and he lives w/o pain

·         A painter hated his work and threw something at it but made it better.

·         Father and son wound each other but can still kill each other

·         Fate works in a karma like way. One does something and receives the opposite intended effect

Of one Defect in our Government

·         Father wants to build repair places all over city

·         He states that the world in not generally corrupted, I think that corruption Is inevitable, always temptation

·         Wanted someone to imitate his father

Of the Custom of Wearing Clothes

·         Clothes originally for protection but evolved into fashion that cannot be used for defense.

·         We were not born with this fashion so it is not intended for nature

·         Plato doesn’t believe in wearing things on heads and feet. Alexander the Great was a warrior and never changed clothes while the king of Mexico changed his frequently which is pointless

Of Cato the Younger

·         Says that our gen has grown so stupid and that the very imagination of virtue is defective and appears only to be college jargon. We ignore everything around us. I believe this is true

·         Cato was a product that nature created to see how high humans could attain virtue and constancy. Died because he rose to high

·          “we have far more poets than judges and interpreters of poetry; it is easier to write it than to understand it.” I believe that there are more judges who’s pretend to understand and cause interpretation to be almost anything

That we Laugh and Cry for the Same Thing

·         Children laugh and cry at same thing because they have not distinguished anything yet but adults have so they know what to laugh and cry at, adults have lost all of their innocence.

·         A smile is compared to a new sun that cannot be seen as different. It is so blinding and new that it is a all the same

Of Solitude

·         Says to either hate or join the vicious because of the danger of being neither.

·         The vicious are unknown to us because there are so many

·         Moving to a different place does not stop evil, one must remove themselves mentally and take possession of soul

·         It’s a disease of the mind and soul, it has to do with willpower and can be called home

·         Virtue is a thing of the mind not necessarily the body

·         Death to ourselves is irrelevant when it comes to the death of loved ones. Life is supposed to be lived with these people and when they are gone they cannot come back and life must be lived without them

That the Relish of Good & Evil Depends in a Great Measure Upon the Opinion we Have of Them

·         States men are tormented by their opinion of things rather than the things themselves. The opinion may be formed out of a popular opinion without knowing anything about it (opinions of gay marriage)

·         Death, pain, and poverty are things that can make a life less fulfilled but they are not the worst things to happen

·         In the kingdom of Narsinga, the wives of priests are buried alive with their husband's bodies, all other wives are burnt at their husband's funeral, which the joyfully undergo. When the king dies, his wives, concubines, officers, domestic servants, and anyone else who works for him are all burnt alive with him and see it as a singular honor to accompany their master in death. This is probably because they want to start the next life with them or not live life without them.

·         I believe that pleasure and pain coexist because you cannot have one without the other. Plato believes that pain and pleasure knit and ally the soul together but Montaigne believes that they separate and disunite them.

Not to Communicate a Man's Honour

·         Honor is in us and cannot leave and there is no way to separate this. I believe that honor can be broken though unwillingly (the crusades or any other holy wars)

·         He believe it is inscribed in our DNA and while it may come off as vanity it isn’t( Pride and Prejudice)

·         He thinks honor and respect separate emotion from morals

Of the Inequality Amongst Us

·         He says that when we judge people we judge off of fashion, makeup, possessions while we should judge on things of use like arms and legs, but then this means that we can judge off beauty and body

·         “The pedestal is no part of the statue. Measure him without his stilts; let him lay aside his revenues and his titles, let him present himself in his shirt.” Although Montaigne is basically saying not to judge and assess someone based on the materials they wear and own, he is referring to their physical body parts and that if they are strong and properly function, then they are a worthy person. He also makes hints that if they are a physically strong and capable person, then their physique must parallel their soul

·         People act differently in different situations. Is this still them or is it all an act? Is it another part of their soul? Compares kings and their behavior in public as opposed to their behavior in their castles to that of the present day actors who portray them to who the actors really are outside of the theater

·         Possessions are used to fill holes. They satisfy a moment but not a lifetime. While they are real and touchable they have no comparison to such emotions as love

·         Montaigne believes that it is much more easy and pleasant to follow than it is to lead. I believe this is true because a leadership position requires forming your own opinions when it isn’t the popular one, it means being able to stand above the rest while others cower.

·         He also says that it is great satisfaction having to only answer to yourself and one path to walk in. I believe that some people are innate followers but helping people and being a follower are two different things. One can help while being a follower.

Of Sumptuary Laws

·         Contradictive laws about vain and idle expenses in meat and clothes but made by so he thinks that they should be the first ones to end their fascination and necessity for the most lavish materials if it is expect to disseminate among the common people also would allow the royalty to be leaders.

·         He likes honor and ambition over objects and possessions. He likes zeleucus laws

Of Sleep

·         “Reason directs that we should always go the way, but not always at the same pace.” Eudors weltys a worn path, there can be rough spots in life that may take time to get over

·         He tells stories of princes and kings who fall asleep and the majority of them die during their rest or finally wake up and then die. Sleep can be harmful or wonderful. Some die in their sleep others have dreams.

Of Names

·         It is a good thing to have a good name, but besides this, it is really convenient to have a well-sounding name, because it is easy to pronounce and to remember. Socrates also wrote that it was worthy of a father's time to give fine names to his children. A well sounding name would improve honor and a good name may be more hearty

Of War-Horses, or Destriers

·         Swords are superior to guns because there is so much to deal with in a gun. There’s too much reliance on everything else. A man himself strikes much surer than the air can direct his blow.” With modern weapons he would think the same thing

·         This chapter is about how trained war-horses can help in battle if they can distinguish the enemy and learn to fall straight down rather than on their back to save their master and basically how important they are when it comes to serving those who ride their backs, but Montaigne discusses how their horses of service are called destriers and their romances commonly use the phrase of adestrer for accompagner (to accompany) in the inception of this particular chapter. War horses would fall on their back to save their master just as lovers would save each other

Of Ancient Customs

·         Tells about how we don’t understand or appreciate ancestral ways, maybe our ancestors make fun of our ways too. Things appear different but they really aren’t

·         He doesn’t think that we should make fun because we are supposed to respect our ancestors and not judge them without having any context of their time

Of the Vanity of Words

·         Aristotle thinks Rhetoric is the science to persuade people but Plato and Socrates think it is an art to deceive. I think m would agree with Plato and Socrates

Of a Saying of Caesar

·         Talks about how new things are always desirable but they can never satisfy our wants for them, new things are just objects that are constantly changing.

Of Vain Subtleties

·         Says “Stupidity and wisdom meet in the same center of sentiment and resolution, in the suffering of human accidents.” Stupidity and wisdom are one. Both can cause suffering depending on what path we take

Ch.56, Pg.355: On Prayer (Book 1)

·         focuses on strong religious beliefs and customs and understanding prayer

·         universities want to lay down the truth not =seek it even though that is what education is about

·         m has a strong connection to the catholic church and is why he doesn’t like philosophers

·         prayer should be formal and recognize god

·         constant prayer will help someone beat evil

Ch.57, Pg.366: On the Length Of Life (Book 1)

·         closing to book 1

·         questions the meaning of life and wonder why we fear death

·         death of old age is the best way to go

·         life should be enjoyed and amazing not rushed

· 
we get caught up in life and something may happen that can drastically change it

Ch.1, Pg.373: On the Inconstancy of Our Actions (Book 2)

·         talks about human behavior like tendencies and flaws

·         there is a lot of division between people

·         we choose to push each other away despite our similarities

·         judging by the past is not fair because someone may be different now, but can we truly be different

·         we fight an inner battle

Ch.2, Pg.381: On Drunkenness (Book 2)

·         alcohol consumption needs to be controlled and it should not be something to binge on

·         drunkenness reveal our true  nature

·         we lose control over our minds, actions, and motives when drunk

·         control teaches us our limits and willower

Ch. 3, Pg.392: A Custom of the Isle of Cea

·         philosophy favors self-destruction while theology favors creation

·         there is a slave suicide because he has lost all of his freedom

Ch.4, Pg.408: Work can wait till Tomorrow (Book 2)

·         work is not life and there must be time set aside for fun and relaxment

·         life is fulfilled with work and enjoyment should be in small parts or else it isn’t enjoyable

Ch.5, Pg.411: On Conscience (Book 2)

·         conscience is an individual right that tells us right from wrong

·         it is a gift and a curse because it makes us choose between good and evil

·         it makes you aware of your actions

Ch.6, Pg.416: On Practice (Book 2)

·         m wants to practice living not death

·         he wants to live his life and disagrees with Socrates

·         we must speak for ourselves

Ch.7, Pg.428: On Rewards for Honor (Book 2)

·         he talks about the inequality of men

·         reward and recognition should be earned but most of it isn’t so it has lost its value

·         some rewards required evil to be done to get the reward

Ch.8, Pg.432: On the Affection of fathers for their Children (Book 2)

·         his daughters died early and his mother had inheritance issues so he says that fathers accidently fall in love with children

·         he has a lot of anger from the inheritance arguments

·         Parents don’t want to be loved by children?

·         Favor younger children so the older ones are deprived

·         Analogy with a painter and his creation and how he falls in love

Ch.9, Pg.453: On the Armour of the Parthians (Book 2)

·         M’s armor he wore as a knight and how he doesn’t trust them

·         Armor is a burden but still helpful

Ch.10, Pg.455: On Books (Book 2)

·         Talks about studying different things

·         Books allow us to learn from the world and about it

·         Learning allows us not to judge so easily

·         Education allows us to grow

·         Likes Plutarch and Seneca

Ch.11, Pg.472: On Cruelty (Book 2)

·         Talks about cruelty and its origins

·         Believes it comes from sexual encounters

·         One must go through something in order to gain something

·         Virtues can’t be taught but that we are born with them

·         Animals feel pain like us when we are cruel to them

Pg 489-682

chapter 12 apology for raimond sebond

·         We cannot reach superior heights without god

Chapter 13 on Judging Someone Else's Death

·         Dying is the big bang of our life, but it is hard to think about

·         The more important we think we are the harder it is to believe we can die

·         Death that is prolonged is torture because it takes longer to die

·         To not fear death is very rare

·         Suicides must be committed by someone else

Chapter 14 How Our Mind Tangles Itself Up

·         Our minds can play tricks on us

Chapter 15 That Difficulty Increases Desire

·         Difficult in attaining something gives it more value

·         We will do anything to get something when it is difficult to get

·         It can even increase beauty

·         Allowance debases things

Chapter 16 on Glory

·         Glory may be won but not always earned, glory is supposed to be praised or else it is nothing

·         Honor requires glory

·         The right road has the best ending even if it isn’t the most pleasant

·         Names want to be known despite the opinion of them

·         Nobody wants to be forgotten they want to be remembered

Chapter 17 on Presumption

·         Not regarding status has no meaning

·         Presuming things can get you into trouble

·         People will always judge and assume things about people

·         How you see yourself is how other see you

Chapter 18 on Giving the Lie

·         Lies allow us to be other people and change us on the inside

Chapter 19 on Freedom of Conscience

·         Kings tried to be good and fair

·         Couldn’t do what they wished so they pretended to wish to do what they could

II: 26 on thumbs

·         Anecdote- story of barbarian kings making treaties by pressing right thumbs together, pricking, and then sucking each other's blood.

·         In Rome sign or approval to twist thumbs

·         Thumbs would get cut off for stealing

·         They’re essential to our livelihood

II:27 On cowardice, the mother of cruelty

·         Cowardice is feminine

·         Crying shows weakness

·         Honor is gone when someone see mercy in his emeny

·         Soldiers are not gentlemen

II:28 There is a season for everything

·         Wise men always show good

·         Human nature include wanting youth

·         Learning must be continued through old age

II:29 On virtue

·         "There is nothing we cannot do"

·         Tells of stories of people cutting things off to stay virtuous

·         Fate cannot be changed

II:30 On a monster child

·         Monsters are a part of gods design

·         Most monsters described were not aesthetically pleasing and had deformities

·         There are infinite possibilities in the world

·         They are against nature

II:31 On anger

·         Abusing children is wrong to m

·         Anger causes us to think very irrationally or not at all and makes us think instinctively

·         People don’t always do what they say

·         Choler: angry body humor

·         Anger can get us in trouble

II:32 In defense of Seneca and Plutarch

·         Seneca is a philosopher and Plutarch is a writer

·         Defends Plutarch’s comparison of romans and Greeks

·         Very stubborn on his opinion

II:33 the tale of Spurina

·         Two hungers( mind and body)

·         Julius Caesar and his ambition for power and ladies but ultimately he is killed by his most loyal friend

·         Spurina was so beautiful he cut his face to not hate himself

II:34 Observation on Julius Caesar's methods of waging war

·         M thinks that his style is unique

·         Wanted troops to be found weaker than expected

·         Acted at the right time ruthlessly

·         Very convincing in his speeches

·         His soldiers were very loyal

II:35 On three good wives

·         Fathers get honored and respected by sons with showing no love

·         Women have the same situation but some men don’t like that

·         Women leave with their husbadns when they die

·         Sacrifice is honorable

II:36 On the most excellent of men

·         Homer: the best poet, created lasting gods and stories

·         Alexander: a great conqueror, he was lucky and accomplished

·         Epaminondad:great morals, humane, best wisdom and reason

II:37 On the resemblance of children to their fathers

·         Talks about book 1 and 2

·         He is fascinated how physical traits and thinking traits are passed

·         Medicine is built from examples and experience

·         M believes medicine is magic but I think it is just science and is very helpful

·         Doesn’t like living healthy advice from doctors

·         Changes and lets doctors see him and understands medicine

Book III Essay 6. On coaches

·         Chariots were a symbol of wealth and status

·         Authors must use certain things in their text

·         Talks about origin of the sneeze and bless you

·         write from experience not just for argument

Book III Essay 7. On high rank as a disadvantage

·         there will always be defects in things

·         others must teach the young so they are knowledgeable

·         everyone wants to fit in but he likes his rank

·         rhetorical questions

Book III Essay 8. On the art of conversation

·         how m talks and thinks of others

·         leads by example

·         a loss has more power than a win

·         uses a lot of rhetorical strategies in essays

·         in conversation we can only make fun of ourselves

·         language skills are needed to give speeches to a city

Book III Essay 9. On vanity

·         we want to be pitied when bad times occur but those that pity us see it for what it is

·         small problems will lead to bigger ones and so on, water dripping into a crack

·         all wisdom is vanity

·         some people talk down to others because they assume they are below them even if they might not be

Book III Essay 10: On Restraining You’re Will

·         to gain willpower one must make a choice against the supposed action and not think about it

·         reflection on why human nature tends to do certain habits can help restrain them

·          “I exercise great care to extend by reason and reflection this privileged lack of emotion, which is by nature well advanced in me”

·         M believes that passion destroys achievement

·         Mainly about human behaviors and tendencies

·          “If you do not stop the start, you will never stop the race.”

Book III Essay 11: On the Lame

·         Lame- disabled so that movement, especially walking, is difficult or impossible.

·         He allows his mind to wander which is probably the basis of many of his essays

·         “I was recently letting my mind range wildly (as I often do) over our human reason and what a rambling and roving instrument it is”

·         People tend to stick with what they believe is true even if it’s wrong

·          “The lame man does it best.”

Book III Essay 12: On Physiognomy

·         Physiognomy- the art of judging human character from facial features.

·         As humans we have a never-ending avarice for money and objects and even certain physical features

·         To many people it matters what they look like and they constantly want to change their selves

·         We can’t have true power over ourselves until we are free

·         “It matters much to souls in what sort of body they are lodged: for many of the body’s qualities serve to sharpen the mind and many others make it obtuse.”

Book 3: of experience (pgs 1206-1269)

·         Experience helps us when reason fails (thinking of a hard decision to make)

·         We have an innate desire for knowledge

·         Allude to story of Delphi and picking which egg went to which hen (important)

·         Allude to Perrozet and ability to decipher cards

•                    Being similar doesn’t make people “one” as much as being different make people “other” (nature favors)

•                    No relationship between actions and fixed unchanging laws

•                    Uses rhetorical questions

•                    Our laws are too entangled and complicated

·         Lawyers are example of bad laws (spread us thin and increase doubts)

•                    Man is ironic because gets caught in own works/mess

·         Reference to Aesop and of licking path in river and drowns

•                    Create pictures with descriptions to help reader understand

·         Run from someone who is stabbed for fear of questioning

·         Be blunt and take criticism with grain of salt which will release love

·         M believes in god and rebels against philosophers

·         Tries to hide pain of his illness

·         Reference Dantes Inferno and Styx River

·         Death is inevitable, comes whenever, born to die

•                    Was a healthy and active man but illness has deteriorated him inside and out (aged)

•                    Fancied father because taught him values of the poor and as a boy Montaigne was picky and strange

·         M learned to help others despite class matter class

•                    Eats in excess and talks of diets so joins dinner parties later (change habits/routines) to refrain from over eating

·         He has seen death and has new found respect whereas someone who hasn’t experienced death can’t appreciate life

•                    Told stories of Socrates and daring, brave, and restrained in values and why he is so respected

·         Reflected how Montaigne tries to live life

•                    Utilizes oxymoron’s to convey point about pleasure and pain

•                     “Your only gain lies in the chase”- keep striving to be better, continual learning

•                    M emphasizes that he is his own person and wants to die knowing he did the right thing in life and in the afterlife won’t have to subject himself to another

Vocab